Role Of Blood Bag In The Development Of Medical Ground
The blood bag may seem like a quite basic piece of storage, but the creation of this was a turning point in our medical history.
Without the advantage of a blood transfusion there are a lot of operations which could not be performed and would never have been attempted. We take the concept of a blood transfusion for granted. But actually, a blood transfusion is a relatively recent development.
Originally there was no means to preserve blood, so a transfusion had to be absolutely from one vein into another vein. This was of course very limiting. Blood could not be stored until a suitable anticoagulant was found. Richard Lewison invented this in 1915; sodium citrate.
In just a couple of years blood was being donated and stored for few days at a time. This gave many of those wounded during the last years of the First World War a chance to survive.
The blood was being collected and stored in glass containers. It was already found that blood could be divided into its component parts of blood plasma and RBCs; but this was very risky due to the chance of contamination during the process.
However, with the development by Fenwal Company of the plastic blood bag in 1953 it all changed. This was a great way to store and transfuse blood with minimal contamination risk; quickly so much more was possible.
The first blood banks were set up in the Soviet Union, United States and Europe in the late 1930s. Although it would take many years to replace the glass storage jars, in all areas, the process was begun and immediately there were increasingly more uses of blood transfusions and more complicated surgeries were happening with this additional support.
So now the blood could be obtained, divided, and stored; but transportation still needed to be conquered. Blood needs to be stored at the correct temperature and a consistent temperature. Just as the mobile phone has gone from the size and weight of brick to something not much larger than a credit card; so the transport of blood has advanced.There are now thermal blood carrying bags which enable medics to take blood to where ever it is necessary. These are essential for the quick and effective treatment we have all come to expect.
So the little blood bag has revolutionised our world, and yet many people will never know the names of the people who are responsible for saving lives every minuet of every day.
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